What is transformer?

                                                       TRANSFORMER

Transformers are elements used in electrical circuits with alternating currents and serve to change alternating voltages, alternating currents and impedances from lower to higher value and vice versa. Transformers are very efficient and have small losses. They can be as small as a bean or as big as a house.

According to the frequency of the current for which they are intended, we divide them into low-frequency and high-frequency transformers. Low frequency transformers have a core of thin interconnected iron sheets (transformer sheets), and high frequency transformers can have a core of a specially pressed mixture of iron dust or other ferromagnetic material. Some high frequency transformers do not have a core but the coils are close together or one above the other.

Transformers are very simple devices that usually have two windings (two coils) on a common core. In some cases, at very high frequencies, the coils may be coreless. The coil that connects to the AC source is called the primary coil or "primary", and the other coil is called the secondary coil or "secondary".

The transformer works on the principle of electromagnetic induction,  mutual induction.

Diagram:Transformer .